Quartz and granite countertops differ primarily in composition and manufacturing. Quartz is an engineered stone made from 90-95% crushed natural quartz combined with resins and pigments. It offers uniform patterns, a wide range of colors, and is non-porous, requiring minimal maintenance. Granite, on the other hand, is 100% natural stone with unique patterns. It's porous, needing periodic sealing, and is heat-resistant but can chip under heavy impact. Quartz is engineered for consistency and low maintenance, while granite provides a natural, unique appearance but requires more care.